Ontological Metaphors in the Poetry of Shams Langaroudi Based on the Theories of Lakoff and Johnson

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran

2 Persian Language and Literature-Faculty of Literature and Humanities-Zahedan-Sistan and Baluchestan

3 PhD, Persian Language and Literature, Zahedan, Iran.

10.22080/rjls.2025.28446.1525

Abstract

This study investigates ontological metaphors in the poetry of Mohammad Taghi Javaheri Gilani, known as Mohammad Shams Langaroudi, based on cognitive linguistic theories. Ontological metaphors serve as powerful tools for making abstract and complex concepts more tangible, playing a significant role in enriching meaning and structuring poetic discourse. The aim of this research is to analyze how such metaphors are employed in Langaroudi’s poetry and to examine their impact on conveying concepts and establishing emotional connections with readers. The significance of this research arises from the fact that, despite numerous studies on the style and themes of Langaroudi’s poetry, no independent research has specifically focused on ontological metaphors. The research adopts a descriptive-analytical method, and through purposive sampling, selected poems from Langaroudi’s collected works are analyzed based on Lakoff and Johnson’s theoretical framework. Findings indicate that structural metaphors, container metaphors, personification, and reification are key metaphorical strategies in his poetry, through which concepts such as life, death, love, and spirituality are rendered tangible and comprehensible. These metaphors not only create deep semantic layers but also generate a vivid and multidimensional poetic experience for the audience. The study highlights the prominent role of ontological metaphors in the linguistic and semantic effectiveness of Langaroudi’s poetry.

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Research Journal of Literacy Schools

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 21 February 2026

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